Healthcare dashboards and metrics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare dashboards and metrics - Assignment Example The economic burden that the condition places on people and the government also establishes importance of the metric for preventive purposes. Effects of high blood pressure such as stroke, heart failure, and weak blood vessels also identify significance of the metric for knowledge development into monitoring the condition. It is therefore necessary to identify at-risk populations (with pre-hypertension) and to ensure prevention of hypertension (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Two benchmarks will be used, 120 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 80 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, and levels above these, but bellow values for hypertension diagnosis, will be considered pre-hypertension condition. Significance of hypertension requires preventive measures. In order to ensure effective prevention, I would include incidence of pre-hypertension as a healthcare metric with 120 mmHg and 80 mmHg as benchmarks for systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively. Any blood pressure above their respective benchmarks would require aggressive prevention measures. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). High blood pressure fact sheet. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from:

Critique of Artificial Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Critique of Artificial Intelligence Essay Journalist John Markoff wrote the article â€Å"Computer Wins On ‘Jeopardy!’: Trivial, It’s Not†. He discusses how the super computer â€Å"Watson† defeated the all time champion of â€Å"Jeopardy!† Ken Jennings. The author, throughout the article, agrees that the supercomputer â€Å"Watson† was a fair match against Ken Jennings. I disagree with Markoff for multiple reasons. This was in no way a fair match because the computer had a remarkable ability to answer questions at super speeds. Also, the computer has access to all available questions and the ability to answer them. This was in no way a fair battle between the computer and Ken Jennings. The author’s main idea of this article is mainly to say how the supercomputer was a fair match between the two. The computer has ways to answer questions that humans have no way of doing. The computer can answer questions within seconds and even milliseconds when the question is asked. It has a super speed ability to answer these questions, which gives no time for the competitor to even have a chance to answer the questions given. So, when the competitor has no time to even have an attempt to answer the question, there is no way to win. â€Å"Watson† is so smart that almost every question that is asked, he answers correctly. Since I don’t agree with Markoff’s statement about â€Å"Watson†, I don’t think his argument is valid. The reason I don’t believe his argument and points are valid is that a computer that has remarkable and inhuman-like abilities is obviously going to win in a competition of speed and knowledge. Ken Jennings had no chance against this computer. So, if a human has no chance against a machine, how can anyone call this a fair fight? Now, Markoff did define his terms clearly and specifically describe his reasons for why he thinks what he thinks, so I do give him credit for that. Still, I disagree with his argument. I disagree with most of Markoff’s view about the competition between the computer and Jennings. His main point of the fair competition is totally undebatable. â€Å"Watson, on the other hand, does not anticipate the light, but has a weighted scheme that allows it, when it is highly confident, to hit  the buzzer in as little as 10 milliseconds, making it hard for humans to beat† (Markoff 212). This statement made by Markoff proves that this was in no way possible for Jennings to beat the super computer. The computer can buzz in at amazing speeds as little as 10 milliseconds, which is way faster than any other human could possibly buzz in. Plus, the computer is programmed with so much information, that it would most likely be able to defeat Jennings, just because of the intelligence of this machine that the creators programmed into it. Overall, I do not believe that this piece published by John Markoff is in anyway valid. Markoff does however succeed in persuading people his ideas and describing his ideas and arguments very specifically. He does a good job with his argument and stating what he thinks. I do not agree with his argument though. My reaction to this piece is actually astonished because I am not sure how anyone could think that a computer competing against a very intelligent human was fair at all. The weakness of this passage is probably how it can be hard for someone to understand how a computer can manage to accomplish all this, but the strengths are good description and expression of the passage. Although he argues very well of his points, I in no way agree with his argument that the battle between â€Å"Watson† and Ken Jennings was fair.

The Pros and Cons of Teaching Sex Education in Public Schools Essay

     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Picture a young couple being on the verge of exploring their sexual desires for the first time. The question is does this young couple have the proper education to make this life changing decision? They most likely were given their education from the school they attend. Hopefully the school taught them what they needed to know to make such a decision. Should sex education be taught at school by teachers or by the parents? Problems with having sex education at school There are many problems with having sex education in public schools. Religion plays an important part to the topic of sex education. Some parents feel that if the school gets to speak to their children about sex before they do, than important things about their religion will be left out of the discussion. If their religion says not to have premarital sex, then that child doesn't need to learn the proper way to put on a condom, where to go to get birth control pills, or anything about abortion. None of this information is going to be needed because the child of the family who uses religion as a guideline for everyday life. These children don't need their heads filled with what isn't important in their religion. According to the Web page SIECUS, parents are-and ought to be-the primary sexuality educators of their children. From the moment of birth, children learn about love, touch, and relationships. Infants and toddlers receive sexuality education through example when their parents ta lk to them, dress them, show affection, play with them, and teach them the names of the parts of their bodies ("Sexuality"). Another reason parents want to teach their children about sex education is that they feel it is up to them and no one else to teach their kids ... ...ks Cited Cooper, Carol. "What shall we tell the children?" The Lancet 356 (2008): 780. "Does Sex Education work?" AVERT 18 Nov. . Harris, Wendy. "Schools fail sex ed, new studies say Parents, students want more comprehensive; lessons even as scope of teaching has narrowed." Spokesman Review 27 Sep. 2007: A1. Jordan, Timothy R. "Rural parents' communication with their teen-agers about sexual issues." The Journal of School Health 70 (2008): 338-344 Schemo, Diana J. "Survey Finds Parents Favor More Detailed Sex Education." The New York Times 4 Oct. 2007: A.1 Sexuality Education is the Schools: Issues and Answers." SIECUS Report 27 (2007) Web. 19 Nov. 2008 http://www.siecus.org/pubs/fact/fact/0007.html. Ubell, E. "Sex-education programs that work-and some that don't." Parade Magazine 12 Feb. 2007: 18-20.

Ann Petry’s The Street Essay -- Black motherhood Petry Street Essays

Ann Petry’s The Street In our society of today, there are many images that are portrayed through media and through personal experience that speak to the issues of black motherhood, marriage and the black family. Wherever one turns, there is the image of the black woman in the projects and very rarely the image of successful black women. Even when these positive images are portrayed, it is almost in a manner that speaks to the supposed inferiority of black women. Women, black women in particular, are placed into a society that marginalizes and controls many of the aspects of a black woman’s life. As a result, many black women do not see a source of opportunity, a way to escape the drudgery of their everyday existence. For example, if we were to ask black mother’s if they would change their situation if it became possible for them to do so, many would change, but others would say that it is not possible; This answer would be the result of living in a society that has conditioned black wom en to accept their lots in lives instead of fighting against the system of white and male dominated supremacy. In Ann Petry’s The Street, we are given a view of a black mother who is struggling to escape what the street symbolizes. In the end though, she becomes captive to the very thing she wishes to escape. Petry presents black motherhood, marriage and the black family as things that are marginalized according to the society in which they take place. The main image that Petry gives of the black mother is Lutie, though there are other images that are crucial in explaining this image. Lutie is a single black mother living on â€Å"the street.† Her world revolves around providing for her son, and trying to make sure that they ar... ...courage to survive in the world. On the other hand, her portrayal of marriage and the black family appears to be negative. Marriage is seen as a convenient thing—as something that is expected, but not worth having when times get rough. At least this is what Lutie’s and Jim’s marriage became. The moral attributes that go along with marriage do not seem to be prevalent. As a result, because marriage and the black family are seen as the core of the black community, blacks become more divided and begin to work against themselves—reinforcing among themselves the white male supremacy. Instead of being oppressed by another race or community, blacks oppress themselves. Petry critiques these issues in the black community and makes them more applicable to our lives today. These issues still exist, but we fail to realize them because of our advancement in society today.

Beawolf is the destruction of peace and order in a community or nation

Violence, in the world of Beowulf, not only carries with it its inherent negative effects but also it helps to bring out good human qualities. The violence being described in the epic is the murder of inhabitants and the plundering of their possessions. The first negative effect of violence as depicted in Beowulf is the destruction of peace and order in a community or nation.In the epic, the key conflict is preventing or stopping evil monsters from causing violence to the hero’s land and those of neighboring shores. The two key enemies are Grendel and the Dragon.Grendel is a â€Å"grim monster†¦a descendent of Cain† who lives in a murky pond with his mother and with â€Å"elves and evil spirits† (Beowulf Book I). Cain is referred to in the Bible as a man who murdered his own brother so that as a punishment God cursed the ground for him and that he was sent out as a wanderer in the earth (â€Å"Genesis† 3). During times of great celebration in the grea t Hall built by King Hrothgar, King of Denmark, Grendel suddenly attacked the King’s guests. The attack brought terror and grief to the Danes and as a result the peace and joy they felt vanished.It is important to note that such merciless act was committed without any provocation from the Danes at all. One day Grendel just decided to come out of his lair and slaughtered his captives. The grief and terror felt by the Danes lasted for twelve long years as Grendel continued his cruelty (Beowulf Book I,II). The Dragon, on the other hand, was a monster â€Å" with a fire belching out of its mouth† who attacked Beowulf’s kingdom in his old age(Beowulf Book XXXII). He, too, was described as ruthless, strong and hard to be subdued.In a Christian context, a Dragon symbolizes evil and death (â€Å"Dragon† 2007). But unlike Grendel, the Dragon attacked upon provocation. His anger was roused when his treasures was stolen from a burial mound. Out of revenge he attack the Geats who at this time were enjoying fifty years of peace and serenity brought about by the wise rule of King Beowulf (Beowulf Book XXXI). Another negative effect of violence as depicted in the epic is the threat it caused to the survival and maintenance of civilization or nation. Grendel slaughtered his victims and carry off some prisoners to his abode.Book II describes his assault this way â€Å"unhallowed wight, grim and greedy, he grasped betimes, wrathful, reckless, from resting-places, thirty of the thanes, and thence he rushed fain of his fell spoil, faring homeward† (Beowulf Book II). Grendel is hard to be defeated because according to the epic no weapon can destroy him. The Dragon, on the other hand, would â€Å"burn homes with fire â€Å"(Beowulf Book XXXII). Both monsters would make their assault at night, a time when the people are supposed to be resting and therefore slightly defenseless.In the cover of darkness both fearsome creatures can carry on their sl aughter swiftly. The Dragon stood unopposed as the people could not get near him due to the flames from his mouth (Beowulf Book XXXII). In such a hopeless situation and without any intervention, the inhabitants will be eventually wiped out. Violence also breeds other violence. When Beowulf killed Grendel, Grendel’s mother was consumed with fury and tried to avenge his death. It does not matter to her if Grendel was the one at fault.In her screwed reasoning, Grendel was his son and therefore needs to be avenged. Prior to his death, Grendel’s mother was not in any way physically involved with the slaughter. However, upon his death, Grendel‘s mother became as ruthless as his son. Without any further delay, Grendel’s mother went out to the Hall hoping to kill the criminal who put his son to eternal sleep. However Beowulf was not around so that angrily she took a Danish nobleman and Grendel’s paw and carried them with her back to her home( Beowulf Book X IX ) .Upon hearing of this incident, Beowulf run after her and with a sword ended her life. In another sense we can say that the death of Grendel, Grendel’s mother and the Dragon at the hands of Beowulf was also a form of violence. However, upon careful analysis, such violence can be considered necessary to end the greater violence committed by the three aggressors. In the epic, violence only ended at the death of the three. If left alive, there is a big possibility that their violence will continue owing to their untamed evil natures.Although violence is a wicked thing to commit and should be avoided at all cost, but if present it helps to bring out the heroic trait of an individual. The hero is the man of the hour who stops and controls the spread of violence. While the enemy is described as evil and ruthless, the hero is describes a s a man possessing a good, companionate and courageous heart. Beowulf was such a man. He was a prince who possessed not only these good human traits but also endowed with great strength that equals, if not surpassed, the aggressors.Even long before he came to the aid of King Hrothgar, he had already proven his fighting prowess when he killed the sea-monsters that plied the sea he swam in on his way to help the Finns in getting rid of their enemies(Beowulf Book I).. He showed his compassionate heart when hearing of Grendel’s cruelty in Hrothgar’s kingdom; he sailed to Denmark without waiting any pleas of help from the Danish king ( Beowulf Book III). Unarmed and single-handedly he engaged Grendel in mortal combat (Beowulf Book XI).Grendel was surprised at the firm grip of Beowulf and according to him he had not yet ever encountered such a strong man in his lifetime. Beowulf managed to tear Grendel’s arm out of his shoulder. â€Å"The awful monster had lived to feel pain in his body, a huge wound in his shoulder was exposed, his sinews sprang apart, and his bone-locks broke). This wound had mortally wo unded Grendel so that he later died in his lair. The Dragon, o the other hand, was challenged by Beowulf in his den. The two struggled against each other until Beowulf killed him with the sword).Unfortunately Beowulf, old at this time, was also wounded and eventually died (Beowulf Book XXII). It is important to note that as a hero Beowulf fought against evil forces from his youth until his old age. The epic delivers a strong message that preventing and controlling violence is a never-ending struggle. When Grendel’s violence ended, another one arose in the hands of the Dragon. In the face of violence, the loyalty of an individual is exposed. During Beowulf’s fight with the Dragon, the struggle became fearful to watch so that Beowulf’s men flee in fright.Only Wiglaf remained to help his aging monarch. Even at the cost of his life, Wiglaf help Beowulf slay the fiery Dragon (Beowulf Book XXXVI). His loyalty and gallantry was later rewarded when before Beowulf died h e proclaimed Wiglaf as his successor to the throne of Geatland (Beowulf Book XXXVIII). This last gesture of Beowulf is a declaration that loyalty in the face of crisis is to be honored. It is possible that without Wiglaf, Beowulf, wounded and old as he was, would have failed to put an end to the Dragon’s life. The Dragon then will continue to terrorize the Geats.Wiglaf’s loyalty was crucial in attaining the victory of that climatic battle. Beowulf was assured that with Wiglaf the struggle against violence will be carried on long after his death. To the eyes of the Geats, Wiglaf is a source of hope for the survival and maintenance of Geatland. On the other hand, those who deserted Beowulf were reproached and reaped nothing but shame. WORKS CITED â€Å"Dragon. † Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2007 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006. â€Å"Genesis†. The Holy Bible. Korea: Thomas Nelson, Inc. , 1984.

IOI Corporation Berhad Essay Example

IOI Corporation Berhad Essay Example IOI Corporation Berhad Essay IOI Corporation Berhad Essay In 1990, the founding chairman Dates Tan Seen Man decided to retire and his on Tan Sir Tan Change Mum replaced his position as the new chairman of the company. Soon after he took over his father position as chairman, he always wishes TAB to be listed in Bursa Malaysia as one of the public listed companies in Malaysia. In year 1 992, the company changes its name from Tan Bertha to Tan Holdings Bertha. At the same year, TAB has been successfully listed in Bursa Malaysia and the company obtains the funding from its initial public offering. When the company has been listed in auras Malaysia, Tan Sir Tan Change Mum decided to maximize the company wealth by venturing into Food industry equines in 1992. TAB also manage to set up a subsidiary company named Tan Food Industry Bertha to manage the holdings companys food industry business. Since then, TAB has begun to flow into international market when the company successfully acquires multiple food production plants in Malaysia and started to export the food products to Singapore, China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia, United States and United Kingdom. The company also obtains the ISO 9001 from the government of Malaysia. In 1 999, the company begins to venture itself in property investment and development industry. TAB successfully bough several piece of properties in Malaysia and also in other foreign countries such as China, Indonesia, Singapore and Thailand. In 2014, TAB was ranked 36th in the Forbes Malaysia among other 1 00 I. Product and Services: TAB has grown to become one of the leading conglomerate companies in Malaysia. In the food production industry Of the company, the company introduces variety of biscuits such as Choc Pie which is very famous in United States and South Korea to consumers in Malaysia. Furthermore, the company has manage to produce more than 50 types of biscuits and available for Malaysia consumer and exportation to other countries. Moreover, TAB also produce and extract high quality palm oil in the palm oil plantation at Kerning, Clangor. TAB also recognized as one of the contributor in the exportation of palm oil to other palm oil consumption countries especially to China In the property investment and development industry of the company, TAB successfully launch the Z-Residence (a 20 floors premium condominium) in Cybercafà ©. II. Future Prospect In the future, Tan Holdings Bertha will diversify the companys business portfolio by venturing into telecommunication industry. TAB will become one of the network and Internet service providers when the company successfully applied for a network service license which approved by Malaysia Communications and Multimedia Commission (MAC). The company will also plan to provide high-speed Internet service (using fiber optic cable) to residents in Malaysia. Moreover, TAB will also expand its property investment and development business in the future by property hotels, resorts and recreation development. Therefore, TAB is considered as one of the good companies with better prospect to sustain in the future. IV. Board of Directors and committees The Chairman of Tan Holdings Bertha (TAB) is Tan Sir Tan Change Mum since 1990. Prior to his position as chairman of TAB, he holds one of the top management positions in TAB. His father wants him to learn how he manages the company. In addition, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of TAB is Eng Kina Hat. He has a great leadership and previously he is one of the CEO another public listed company in Malaysia as well. With his leadership skills, TAB believe that he will bring a better future prospect of the company. Moreover, the current Chief Financial Officer (CUFF) is Mrs.. Limit Yen Vein. She was an CA professional certification graduate and has more than 20 years experience in accounting profession. Further, the company also appointed Mr.. Peter Limit as independent non-executive directors of TAB. Since then, Mr.. Peter Limit has been actively involved in companys corporate affairs and general management. 01 Corporation Bertha (101 Group) 101 Corporation Bertha (commonly known as 101), was incorporated on 31 SST of October 1969 as Industrial Oxygen Incorporated Sad Bed. The company first core business is industrial gas manufacturing. Subsequently, 101 successfully listed in Koala Lumpy Stock Exchange (KEELS) on 29 July 1980. Moreover, the company also ventured into resource based manufacturing businesses (refineries, Electrochemical and specialty oils and fats) when the company successfully a cquired Perusal Mesas Sad Bed. Since then, the company is recognized as the most efficient oil palm plantation company in the world. Besides that, 101 also venture into Electrochemical business when the company has acquired 32. 96% stake in Palmtop Holdings Bertha (renamed as 101 Electrochemical Industry Sad Bed) on March 1997. Since then, 01 Corporation Bertha has become a vegetable-based Electrochemical producer in Malaysia. In addition, the company also manages to acquire a controlling interest in Lam Soon Hat Development Bed (renamed as 101 Properties Bed) in January 1994 and it becomes One of the subsidiaries Of 101 Corporation Bertha. With this acquisition, the company has taken its first step into property investment and development industry. Besides that, the company also takes an important role in promoting Malaysia Tourism when the company decides to build and develop resort in Pituitary known as 101 Resort City. Subsequently, 01 Properties Bed has successfully listed on the Main Market of Bursa Malaysia as one of the largest property companies in January 2014. II. Product and services: Currently, 101 Corporation Bertha has successfully diversifies its business portfolio such as plantation and agriculture, property investment and development, chemical manufacturing and resorts. As a result, 101 is recognized as one of the biggest conglomerates in Malaysia. In the plantation and agriculture industry of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company operates 152,000 hectares of oil palm plantations in Malaysia and 83,000 hectares in Indonesia. The company also operates 12 palm oil mills with a total capacity of producing 4. 1 million tones per year. Malaysia and one located in Netherlands. These refineries convert crude palm oil into edible oils such as palm oil and palm kernel oil and market off to various food production companies. Thus, it contributes to Ohios biggest income generator among other business portfolio. Moreover, in the Electrochemical and specialty oils and fats industry (under resource-based manufacturing) of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company is known as one of the leading vegetable-based Electrochemical producers in the oral. In addition, the company also involves in manufacturing and selling of fatty acids, glycerin, soap noodles and fatty esters which is needed to produce detergents, shampoo, soap and cosmetics. As for the specialty oils and fats industry of the company, 101 Corporation Bertha manage to supply fractionated oils and fats required by food industry such as Milliner, Nestle, Catbird and Kraft. On the other hand, the property investment and development of 101 Corporation Bertha has also brought in a portion of income to the company. The company has managed to acquire several of lands. Besides that, the company has also launched 101 City Mall in 101 Resort City in Pituitary recently. Below is the list of properties that owned by 101 Corporation Bertha: Location: Property name: 1. Pouching sierra, Bandanna Putter Pouching and Bandanna Pouching Jay 2. Pituitary 101 Resort City 3. Slang Bandanna Putter Slang and Bandanna Putter Slang 4. Bang Bandanna putter Bang 5. Seepage Bandanna Putter Warns 6. Bah (Niger Assemblies) Bandanna 101 Bah 7. Kulak (Juror) Bandanna Patria Kulak and Bandanna Patria Casemate 8. Despair (Penman) Despair 9. Singapore South Beach development and Pinnacle at Santos Cove 01 Corporation Bertha has many future prospects that are planned in future especially in the companys property investment and development business portfolio. The company has plan many new property projects in Bandanna Putter Bang such as Cubical Square, Lamar Residence. Besides that, the company also plans to further develop Bandanna Putter Pouching with a few residential areas with projects named Putter Hills Luxury Town Villa and Putter Hills Condominiums where is located in Pouching. Moreover, 101 Corporation Bertha also has planned to buy a substantial stake of 37. 17% in Taipei Financial Center Corp. (TFTP). For your information, TFTP owns the most famous landmark of Taiwan, the Taipei 101 tower. Currently, the negotiation of acquisition of stake by 101 Corporation Bertha to T FCC is still on going. As for the plantation and agriculture of 101 Corporation Bertha, the company plans to replant at least aha to aha of estates in Malaysia and plant around aha of new palm oil Indonesia per annum for the next 3 years ahead. The company is also reportedly active in negotiation with international companies for potential joint ventures in the specialty oils and fats industry. The current executive chairman of 101 Corporation Bertha is Tan Sir Data Lee Shin Change. He is also the founder of 101 Group which listed on Bursa Malaysia on 29 July 1980. Furthermore, He was awarded the prestigious Malaysia palm Oil Association Recognition Award in 2011 for his great leadership which lead 101 Corporation Bertha became one of the leading plantation and property group in Malaysia. Moreover, the current Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of 101 Corporation Bertha is Data Lee Yew Chord. The Board of Directors of the company appointed him as CEO of the company on 8 January 2014. Furthermore, he holds a LB (Honors) from Kings College in London and Diploma in Finance and Accounting from London School of Economics. Prior to his position as CEO of 101 Corporation Bertha, he served in Malaysia Judiciary service as a Magistrate. In addition, Mr. Lee Yew Seen is a Non-lengthened Non-Executive Director of 101 Corporation Bertha. He is actively involved in corporate affairs and general management within 101 Corporation Bertha and its subsidiaries. Moreover, Tan Sir Peter Chin FAA GUI is a Chairman Of the Nominating and Remuneration Committee as well as member of the Audit and Risk Management Committee of the Company. He is best known as former secretary for the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water, Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities, Ministry of Housing and Local Government, Ministry of Science, Technology and the Environment and Ministry of Welfare Services respectively. Dates R. Ukrainian and Mr.. Each Take Kiang serve as an Independent Non-Executive Director of 101 Corporation Bertha. Both of them were also involved in the Audit and Risk Management Committee as well as member of the Nominating and Remuneration Committee of the Company. Barbara Corporation Bertha (Bicorn) Barbara Corporation Bertha (commonly known as Bicorn) was founded by Tan Sir Data Series Vincent Tan Cheese Yin in 1984. In the same year, he successfully acquired a major controlling interest in Barbara Industrial Bertha (formerly known as Barbara Swat Bertha and now known as Reek Pacific Bertha). Moreover, Barbara Group Bertha (formerly known as Inter-Pacific Industrial Group Bertha) became a holding company of Reek Pacific Bertha after the company had major restructuring. For information, Inter-Pacific Industrial Group Bertha was incorporated in 1967 as bicycle manufacturer ND the company has successfully listed on Bursa Malaysia in 1969. In addition, Barbara Corporation Bertha acquire listing status on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia when the company complete its group restructuring exercise in October 2005 and the issues Of new shares on 3rd January 2006. Besides that, the company has successfully diversified its business portfolio. Currently, the company has engaged in many industries such as direct selling and retail, property investment and development, gaming and lottery management, motor trading distribution and food beverage industry. Below is the list of Bicorn and its subsidiaries: industry: Us bestiaries: Year of incorporated: Controlling stake by Holdings Retail Barbara Retail Bertha 8th June 2010 100% Property investment and development (I) Barbara Land Bertha (ii) Barbara Asset Bertha (I) 1990 (ii) 1978 (I) 73. 33% (ii) 76. % Food and beverages Barbara Food Bertha 21 SST October 2009 58. 85% Gaming and lottery management Barbara Sports Toto Bertha 1969 51 . 76% Motor trading and distribution Barbara Auto Bertha 1st April 2008 36. 74% Media Barbara Media Bertha 4 March 2008 72. 09% Financial service Barbara Capital Bertha 1999 92. 4% . Product and services Barbara Corporation Bertha (Bicorn) is a successful conglomerate i n Malaysia. The company has many business portfolios such as direct selling and retail, property investment and development, gaming and lottery management, motor trading distribution and food beverage industry. In the direct selling and retail of Bicorn, the company has introduce a direct marketing or multi level marketing business named Cocoas in 1979. Cocoas is a retail chain which market more than 2000 consumer product specialized in health and nutritional supplements, personal care products, water filtration yeses, cosmetics and fragrances and etc. Besides that, Bicorn also bring in an organic specialty store known as Country Farm Organics (CUFF). The store provides many organic products with a reasonable price to its consumer in Malaysia. In addition, the property investment and development of Bicorn comprise of 2 subsidiaries known as Barbara Land Bertha and Barbara Asset Bertha. Bicorn own a lot of properties in Malaysia such as Barbara Times Square, Plaza Barbara, Barbara Magical, Wigwams Cocoas and etc. As property investment of the company. Furthermore, the company also owns some land for property velveteen purposes such as Meaner Bangkok Bank, Vagina 25, The Peak at Among, KIM Condominium and etc. Moreover, in the food and beverages business portfolio of the company, Bicorn has introduced Struck Coffee, Kenny Rogers Roaster Restaurant, Crispy Creme Donuts, Papa John Pizza restaurant and Wendy fast food restaurant and etc. Furthermore, Sports Toto is the product offered by Bicorn in its gaming and lottery management business. Today, Sports Toto is the largest number forecast operator in Malaysia in terms of number of outlets as well as product offerings. In the motor trading and distribution industry, Bicorn is the official distributor of Mazda vehicle (Bertram Motor Sad Bed), Soda automobiles (Danni Pretests Auto Sad Bed), Change automobiles (Change Barbara Auto Sad Bed), Mercedes Benz automobiles (NASA Automobile Corporation Sad Bed) and Gaston Martin automobiles (Gaston Martin Lagoons (SEA) Pet Ltd). In the Media business portfolio of Bicorn, the company has issue free newspaper known as The Sun to the public. The company plays an important role to promote and improve our countrys English standards and reading culture of Malaysia.

20 Facts About Principals Every Teacher Should Know

20 Facts About Principals Every Teacher Should Know Principals and teachers must have an effective working relationship for a school to be successful. Teachers must understand the role of the principal. Every principal is different, but most genuinely want to work with teachers to maximize the overall learning taking place within each classroom. Teachers must have a clear understanding of their principal’s expectations. This understanding has to be both general and specific. Specific facts about principals are individualized and are limited to the unique qualities of a single principal. As a teacher, you have to get to know your own principal to get a decent idea of what they are looking for. General facts about principals encompass the profession as a whole. They are true characteristics about virtually every principal because the job description is generally the same with subtle changes. Teachers should embrace these general and specific facts about their principal. Having this understanding will lead to greater respect and appreciation for your principal. It will foster a cooperative relationship that will benefit everyone in the school including the students whom we are charged to teach. 20. Principals Were Teachers Themselves Once Principals were teachers and/or coaches themselves. We always have that experience on which we can fall back. We relate to teachers because we have been there. We understand how hard your job is, and we respect what you do. 19. It's Not Personal Principals have to prioritize. We are not ignoring you if we cannot immediately help you. We are responsible for every teacher and student in the building. We must evaluate each situation and decide whether it can wait a bit or whether it requires immediate attention. 18. Stress Affects Us, Too Principals get stressed out. Almost everything we deal with is negative in nature. It can wear on us at times. We are usually adept at hiding the stress, but there are times when things build up to the point where you can tell. 17. We Do What Seems Best, Based on the Information Available Principals must make difficult decisions. Decision making is a crucial component of our job. We have to do what we believe is best for our students.  We agonize over the toughest decisions making sure they are well thought out before being finalized. 16. The Words Thank You Mean a Lot Principals appreciate it when you tell us thank you. We like to know when you think we are doing a decent job. Knowing that you genuinely appreciate what we do makes it easier for us to do our jobs. 15. We Want to Hear Your Opinion Principals welcome your feedback. We are continuously looking for ways to improve. We value your perspective. Your feedback can spur us to make significant improvements. We want you to be comfortable enough with us that you can offer suggestions with a take it or leave it approach. 14. We Appreciate Individuality Principals understand individual dynamics. We are the only ones in the building that have a true idea of what goes on in each classroom through observations and evaluations. We embrace different teaching styles and respect individual differences which have proven to be effective. 13. We Want to See Passion Principals loathe those who appear to be slackers and refuse to put in the time necessary to be effective. We want all of our teachers to be hard workers who spend extra time in their classrooms. We want teachers who realize that prep time is just as valuable as the time we actually spend teaching. 12. We Want You to Be Your Best Self Principals want to help you improve as a teacher. We will offer constant constructive criticism. We will challenge you to improve in areas in which you are weak. We will offer you suggestions. We will play devil’s advocate at times. We will encourage you to search continuously for improved ways to teach your content. 11. Our Time is Limited Principals do not have a planning period. We do more than what you realize. We have our hands in just about every facet of the school. There are a lot of reports and paperwork that we must complete. We deal with students, parents, teachers, and pretty much anyone who walks through the doors. Our job is demanding, but we find a way to get it done. 10. We Are Your Boss Principals expect follow through. If we ask you to do something, we expect it to be done. In fact, we expect you to go above and beyond what we have asked. We want you to take ownership in the process, so putting your own spin on a task will impress us as long as you have met our basic requirements. 9. We Are Human Principals make mistakes. We are not perfect. We deal with so much that we will occasionally slip. It is okay to correct us when we are wrong. We want to be held accountable. Accountability is a two way street and we welcome constructive criticism so long as it is done professionally. 8. We Are a Mirror of Your Performance Principals love it when you make us look good. Great teachers are a reflection of us, and likewise bad teachers are a reflection of us. We revel in delight when we hear parents and students offering praise about you.  It provides us reassurance that you are a capable teacher doing an effective job. 7. We Trust the Data Principals use data to make critical decisions. Data driven decision making is a critical component of being a principal. We evaluate data on an almost daily basis. Standardized test scores, district level assessments, report cards, and discipline referrals provide us with valuable insight that we use to make many key decisions. 6. We Expect Professionalism Principals expect you to be professional at all times. We expect you to adhere to reporting times, keep up with grades, dress appropriately, use appropriate language and submit paperwork in a timely manner. These are just a few of the basic generalized requirements that we expect every teacher to follow without any incidents. 5. No One Enjoys Disciplining Students Principals want teachers who handle the bulk of their own discipline problems. It makes our job more difficult and puts us on alert when you continuously refer students to the office. It tells us that you have a classroom management issue and that your students do not respect you. 4. The Job is Our Life Principals attend most extra-curricular activities and do not get the entire summer vacation. We spend an inordinate amount of time away from our family. We are often one of the first to arrive and the last to leave. We spend the entire summer making improvements and transitioning to the next school year. A lot of our most prominent work occurs when no one else is in the building. 3. We Want to Trust You Principals have a hard time delegating because we like to be in total control. We are often control freaks by nature. We appreciate teachers who think similarly to us. We also appreciate teachers willing to take on difficult projects and who prove that we can trust them by doing an outstanding job. 2. Variety is the Spice of Life Principals never want things to get stale. We try to create new programs and test new policies each year. We continuously try to find new ways to motivate students, parents, and teachers. We do not want school to be boring for anyone. We understand that there is always something better, and we strive to make substantial improvements on a yearly basis. 1. We Want the Best for Everyone Principals want every teacher and student to be successful. We want to provide our students with the best teachers who will make the biggest difference. At the same time, we understand that being a great teacher is a process. We want to cultivate that process allowing our teachers the necessary time to become great while trying to provide our students with a quality education throughout the entire process.

International Experience and Debates Surrounding Pro-poor Touris

International Experience and Debates Surrounding Pro-poor Touris Free Online Research Papers According to Roe and Urguhart (2001) tourism is one of the world’s largest industries, generating an estimated 11% of global gross domestic product (GDP), employing 200 million people and transporting nearly 700 million international travelers per year- a figure that is expected to double by 2020. Roe and Urhuhart made several observations about pro-poor tourism and made the following summary:- developing countries currently have only a minority share of international tourism market (approximately 30%) but this is growing, international tourism arrival in developing countries have grown by an average of 9.5% per year since 1990 , compared to 4.6% worldwide and tourism industry makes important contributions to the economies of developing countries, particularly to foreign exchange earnings, employment and GDP ( Roe and Urguhart, 2001: 01). Hence this essay provides a critical and comprehensive survey of existing writings on pro-poor tourism strategies focusing on international experience from a South African perspective. It mainly focuses on current pro-poor debates and practice in tourism at an international level and the impacts on the South African tourism industry. The essay aims to address the advantages and disadvantages of those experiences. The debates and experiences are assessed in terms of the three basic pro-poor tourism strategies, namely: strategies focused on economic benefits, strategies to enhance other (non-cash) livelihood benefits and strategies focused on policy, process and participation (PPT Strategies, Sheet No.2). The essay achieves all this objectives by firstly trying to explain and define PPT in broader terms. Then the rest of the essay is dedicated on a comprehensive and detailed critical analysis of the application of the three strategies for pro-poor tourism. Pro-poor tourism: Broader definition Pro-poor tourism is defined as tourism that generates net benefits for the poor (Roe and Urguhart, 2001). Roe and Urguhart argue that benefits may be economic, but they may also be social, environmental or cultural. As such pro-poor tourism cannot be a special product or sector of tourism, but an approach to the industry. The most common and distinctive feature of pro-poor tourism is that it puts poor people and poverty at the centre. Then it focuses on tourism as one part of the household, local and natural economies and environment that affect them. According to Ashley et al. (2001) pro-poor tourism overlaps with, but is different from, the sustainable tourism agenda. Sustainable tourism has tended to â€Å"focus on environmental concerns. However the concept is now broadening to include social, economic and cultural aspects but benefits to local people are generally of secondary importance. In contrast, pro-poor tourism aims to expand opportunities, and places net benefits to the poor as a goal in itself, to which environmental concerns should contribute† (Deloitte Touche, 1999:14). PPT focuses more on countries of the South, not on mainstream destinations in the North. Poverty is the core focus, rather than one element of (mainly environmental) sustainability. Roe and Urguhart (2001) maintain that current sustainable tourism debates start with mainstream destinations as priority and targets environmental concerns with social issues towards the periphery. Hence they argue that â€Å"current approach to ‘sustainable tourism’ fails to take into account the links between poverty, environment and development. In a world of growing inequality, there can be no doubt that attacking poverty is a critical component of sustainable development† (2001: 05). It is inevitable that given the definition of PPT, strategies for making tourism pro-poor focus specifically on unlocking opportunities for the poor within tourism, rather than expanding the overall size of the sector (Roe and Urguhart, 2001). It is for this reason that Ashley et al. (2001) argue that a wide range of actions are needed to increase benefits to the poor from tourism. These go well â€Å"beyond simply promoting community tourism, although at the grass-roots level to develop enterprises and local capacity is one key component. Efforts are also needed on marketing, employment opportunities, linkages with the established private sector, policy and regulation, and participation in decision-making† (2001: viii). Ashley et al. argue that the focus and scale of PPT interventions vary enormously, â€Å"from one private enterprise seeking to expand economic opportunities for poor neighbours, to a national programme enhancing participation by the poor at all levels. Strategies can be grouped into three types: expanding economic benefits for the poor; addressing non-economic impacts; and developing pro-poor policies (2001: ix). Strategies focused on economic benefits The main objective of PPT is to ensure that tourism generates benefit for the poor. To this end Roe and Urguhart (2001) identify three key goals. Expanding business opportunities for the poor through small enterprises, particularly in the informal sector; expanding employment opportunities for the poor and enhancing collective benefits through collective community income. However tourism is often seen as an industry where foreign interests dominate, a view which is considered a misrepresentation in many ways by the 1999 Deloitte Touche report on sustainable tourism and poverty elimination study. The report concludes that overall tourism is characterized by small and medium sized business. The diagram below illustrates the structure of how the international tourism industry can contribute to pro-poor strategies; the make up of domestic tourism is very similar to the role of intermediaries between the customer in the originating market and the supplier of various products. Hence services in the destination is of critical importance for pro-poor tourism to flourish. Fig. 1: Structure of the International Tourism Industry (after Deloitte Touche, 1999, 7) One threat to PPT is foreign influence through customer requirements. Many developing countries package their tourism products according to international standards and regulations, which means they have to satisfy the needs and aspirations of the international tourists irrespective of the local needs. This brings us to the debates about economic significance of donor to developing countries. Donors and Tourism It is a fact that in most if not all developing countries â€Å"external funding [for tourism] may be required and justified to cover the substantial transaction costs of establishing partnerships, developing skills and revising policies† (Ashley et al., 2001: ix). The Deloitte Touche report (1999) maintains that donors have influenced the way in which the industry has developed in the last 20 years, with support traditionally focused on macro-economic objectives- particularly maximizing foreign exchange earning through international tourism. However the report argues that what counts as pro-poor strategy must be able to â€Å"tilt the tourism cake† (2001:13). Such strategy could be at the grassroots, national policy or international levels. The problem is that while many donors are involved in tourism activities few see it as a key development sector. The report maintains that only some donors specifically address finance institutions and others with specific mandates that can be linked to tourism. As far as donors are concerned it is clear that there are two contrasting views on the relevance of tourism to poverty elimination. The Deloitte Touche report concludes that a number of donors whose aim is poverty alleviation do not consider that tourism compares with other sectors such as agriculture, primary health and education as a means for poverty alleviation. On the other hand there are â€Å"some donors who argue that tourism will have a major impact on the livelihoods of poor people and that intervention is essential to maximize the benefits and minimize the costs for poor people, or even that tourism has substantial to contribute to broader based growth, which will not be realized without intervention† (Deloitte Touche, 1999: 16). Economic significance of tourism to developing countries According to Ashley et al. (2001) developing countries currently have only minority share of international tourism market but their share is growing. International tourism arrivals in developing countries â€Å"have grown by an average of 9.5 per cent per year since 1990, in aggregate across developing countries, compared to a growth of 4.6 per cent in arrivals world-wide† (Deloitte Touche, 1999:08). Goodwin (2000) argues that tourism is the principal export for one third of developing countries. Tourism brings â€Å"relatively powerful consumers to Southern countries, potentially an important market for local entrepreneurs and an engine for local sustainable economic development (Goodwin, 2000:01). According to the Deloitte Touche (1999) report tourism’s contribution to GDP varies from 3-5 per cent in Nepal and Kenya to 25 per cent in Jamaica, contribution to employment is estimated at 6-7 per cent in India and South Africa. There is consent that â€Å"tourism data does not provide full picture of its economic significance. Statistics cover the contribution of international tourism to national GDP. They hide the substance of domestic tourism (and may under-estimate regional tourists traveling by land), and the importance of tourism to a local economy† (Deloitte Touche, 1999: 09). This is an interesting point when looking into the current South African tourism portfolio. The majority of South Africa’s arrivals (72%), of which 92% originate from SADAC come by road (www.satour.org). Hence in analyzing South Africa’s tourism growth strategy (2002) both air travel out of Africa as well as the road travellers’ different behaviours were taken into consideration. It was for â€Å"the first time the South African Tourism Organization rolled out survey at eleven land border posts to attempt to understand these land travellers better. The key finding from the land traveler work was tha t these travellers should not be ignored and are important source of revenue for many of the provinces. In fact for many of the provinces, the land travellers account for more than 50% of their annual revenues† (ibid.). However it is a fact that for pro-poor tourism to flourish it takes more than economic benefits, non-economic impacts are also critical. Strategies focused on non-economic impacts Pro-poor tourism should not just only be pursued in commercial or economic benefits to the poor, but environmental or ethical concerns must also be considered. Hence capacity building, training and empowerment of the poor; mitigating the environment impact of tourism on the poor and addressing social and cultural impacts of tourism are very important in pro-poor strategies (Roe and Urguhart, 2001:06). Most of these objectives are captured through donor activities in tourism. It is a fact that donors have influenced the way tourism has developed in the last 20 years, with support traditionally focused on macro-economic objectives. According to the Deloitte Touche report (1999) environmental and social issues have received increasing attention and three trends have emerged: Since the 1992 Earth Summit there has been an enormous amount of activity focused on ‘greening’ the tourism industry. An increase in community-based tourism focusing on nature-based tourism in and around protected areas as a mechanism for biodiversity conservation. Cultural heritage initiatives such as those initiated by the World Bank, have increased, both in response to concerns about the threat which globalization poses to communities who place a high value on their local and cultural identity and as part of programmes for broadly-defined environmental and social sustainability. (Deloitte Touche report, (1999: 13). Although several donors now have poverty elimination as their overall goal, tourism interventions are mainly driven by other sub-objectives such as private sector growth or conservation rather than seen as a pro-poor tourism activity. Impacts of tourism on the poor Goodwin (2000) argues that assessing the livelihood impacts of tourism is not a matter of counting jobs or wage income. Tourism affects the livelihoods of the poor in multiple ways- economically, environmentally, socially and culturally (Deloitte Touche report, 1999). Impacts on livelihoods and not just income need to be assessed along with the variety of positive and negative affects, According to Goodwin (2000) waged employment can be sufficient to lift a household from insecure to secure but it may only be available to a minority, and not to the poor. Goodwin maintains that work as a tourist guide, although casual, is often of high status and relatively well paid. Tourism can have both positive and negative impacts. On the positive side, â€Å"tourism can generate funds for investment in health, education and other assets, provide infrastructure, stimulate development of social capital, strengthen sustainable management of natural resources, and create a demand for improved assets (especially education). On the negative side, tourism can reduce local access to natural resources, draw heavily upon local infrastructure, and disrupt social networks (Goodwin, 2000: 03). In most cases tourism affects the livelihoods of the poor by giving them access to assets and infrastructure which were previously not available. â€Å"A participatory assessment of livelihood impacts revealed that impacts on natural capital, particularly grazing resources, and access to physical infrastructure are more important to most members than the nearly 50 new jobs† (Goodwin, 2000:03). However, there are various instances where local residents lost access to local natural resources. â€Å"A comparative study by Shah and Gupta provides a range of examples. On Boracay Island in the Philippine, one quarter of the Island has been bought by outside corporations, generating a crisis in water supply and only limited infrastructure benefits for residents. Similarly in Bali, Indonesia, prime agricultural land and water supplies have been diverted for large hotels and golf courses while at Pangandaran (Java, Indinesia) village beach land, traditionally used for grazing, repairing boats and nets, and festivals, was sold to entrepreneurs for a 5-star hotel† (Ashley et al. 2001:23). Tourism can also have positive or negative cultural impacts on the poor. According to Goodwin (2000) socio-cultural intrusion by tourists is often cited as a negative impact. Certainly sexual exploitation particularly affects the poorest women, girls and young men. Goodwin argues that tourism can also increase the value attributed to minority cultures by national policy-makers. The overall balance of positive and negative livelihood impacts will vary enormously between situations, among people and over time, and particularly in the extent to which local priorities are able to influence the planning process (ibid.). It is of critical importance that government must recognize and acknowledge the input of all stakeholders in tourism development. Hence government must include tourism development at governmental policy framework. Strategies focused on policy/process reform Strategies focused on policy reform can best be summarized as building a more supportive policy and planning framework to address poverty and promoting participation from the poor and to bring the private sector into pro-poor partnerships. Despite all these unambiguous strategies there are still some sections of society where tourism is only seen as belonging to the private sector. However experience has suggested that successful sustainable requires close collaboration between government and the private sector. Ashley et al. (2001) argue that government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, community organizations and the poor themselves all have critical and very different roles to play in PPT. The private sector can be directly involved in pro-poor partnerships. According to the Deloitte Touche report government need to work with the private sector in â€Å"establishing national and regional parameters for the industry (e.g. via tourist boards, service provision and controlling it (e.g. via land use planning)† (1999:21). There is much that only government can do, so a leading role for government in PPT is of pivotal importance and a great advantage. It is of critical importance that government commits itself in taking tourism at a higher and policy framework level. This means that government must integrate tourism into planning at the national level if it is to fulfill broad-based development objectives. However the Deloitte Touche report (1999) concludes that many governments see tourism as a means to generate foreign exchange rather than to address poverty. Hence it is critical that governments take tourism seriously and intervene at local, national and international level when developing tourism policies. At local level government can support small Micro enterprises by giving support to community tourism initiatives through SME support (credit, training, non-financial services) (Delotte and Touche, 1999:16). Government must encourage tourism development in rural areas, through technical assistance, funding local programmes, or infrastructure. In many cases this support is driven by conservation objectives- a focus on protected areas and biodiversity inevitably leads to a rural focus† ( Ashley et al., 2001: 32). Government must also make it possible for joint ventures between communities and private operators to take place and blossom through policy and legislation. At national level government must create a policy framework for private-sector driven tourism development which is broad-based, creating employment and empowerment in the depressed regions. According to the Deloitte Touche report â€Å"key policy elements include: the use of planning to encourage private investors to expand linkages; granting tenure over land to communities via land claims or leases; and close integration with other sectors such as infrastructure† (1999:17). At international level governments throughout the world try to work together for the alliances for sustainable tourism. In 1996 the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), World Tourism Organization and the Earth Council, joined together to launch an action plan entitled â€Å"Agenda 21 for the Travel Tourism Industry: Towards environmentally sustainable development†- a sectional sustainable development programme based on the results of the Rio Earth Summit in 1992† (WTTO IHRA, 1999:03). The agenda was adopted by 182 governments which adopted a comprehensive program of action that provide a global blueprint for accelerating sustainable [tourism] development (ibid.). Conclusion The most common and distinctive feature of pro-poor tourism is that it puts poor people and poverty at the centre. Pro-poor tourism aims to expand opportunities, and places net benefits to the poor as a goal in itself. It focuses more on countries of the South, not on mainstream destinations in the North. It is obvious that the success of pro-poor tourism lies on its strategies, which are expanding economic benefits for the poor; addressing non-economic impacts; and developing pro-poor policies. It is of critical importance that government commits itself at incorporating tourism at policy framework level. However by and large pro-poor tourism requires close collaboration between government and the private sector. The government, the private sector, non-governmental organizations, community organizations and the poor themselves all have critical and very different roles to play in PPT. Reference list Ashley, C., Boyd, C. and Goodwin, H., 2000: Pro-poor Tourism: Putting Poverty at the Heart of the Tourism Agenda, Natural Resource Perpective 61, Overseas Development Institute, London. Ashley, C., Goodwin, H. and Roe, D., 2001: Pro-poor Tourism Strategies: Expanding Opportunities for the Poor, Pro-Poor Briefing Paper 1, ODI, London Ashley, C., Roe, D. and Goodwin, H., 2001: Pro-poor Tourism Strategies: Making Tourism Work for the Poor- A Review of Experience, Pro-Poor Tourism Report No.1, ODI, London Cattarinich, X., 2001: Pro-poor Tourism Initiatives in Developing Countries: An Analysis of Secondary Case Studies, PPT Working Paper 8, ODI, London. Deloitte Touche, IIED and ODI, 1999: Sustainable Tourism and Poverty Elimination Study, Report prepared for the Department for International Development, London. Goodwin, H., 2000: Pro-poor Tourism: Opportunities for Sustainable Local Development, Development and Cooperation, No. 5, 12-14. Roe, D. and Urguhart., 2001: Pro-Poor Tourism: Harnessing the World’s Largest Industry for the World’s poor, IIED’s work in preparation for the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg 2002). Shah, K. and Gupta, V., 2000: Tourism, the Poor and Other Stakeholders: Experience in Asia, Overseas Development Institute, London. South African Tourism, 2002: Tourism Growth Strategy, Illovo Research Papers on International Experience and Debates Surrounding Pro-poor TourisPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAW

Criticize Elizabeth Anderson's Claim that the Autonomy of Women will Essay

Criticize Elizabeth Anderson's Claim that the Autonomy of Women will be Promoted by Banning Commercial Surrogacy Contracts - Essay Example If the intended mother has the ability to produce eggs that are fertile but is unable to carry the pregnancy then gestational surrogacy can be used. In this process, the egg of the intended mother would be removed and combined with that of the husband or a sperm from another man and finally implanted in the replacement mother. Surrogacy arrangements can be either altruistic or commercial. In altruistic surrogacy, the surrogate mother would be compensated for expenses incurred or sometimes not paid at all. On the other hand, the surrogate would be paid all expenses incurred during the entire period of the pregnancy plus a fee in commercial surrogacy. In this surrogacy, the surrogate mother and the adoptive parents come up with a commercial surrogacy contract that regulates their relationship for the entire period of the pregnancy. Criticism I disagree with Elizabeth Anderson’s claim that the autonomy of women would be promoted by banning commercial surrogacy contracts. As a mat ter of fact, commercial surrogacy has enabled many infertile couples in the entire world to have children. There exist few children for adoption and even the requirements for one to qualify as an adoptive parent are hard to meet. Therefore, commercial surrogacy remains the only hope for some individuals to get children and make up families. It is the only humane answer to the infertility problem. Infertility is extremely common in the world; it affects approximately one out of seven couples. This problem is likely to increase since more women are entering a time consuming workforce, and thus delay the process of giving birth to a later age when fertility challenges are exceedingly rampant (Richards 78). Consequently, adoption does not sufficiently meet the desires of infertile couples wishing to have a baby. There exist no biological link between the couple and the adopted baby; they would be forced to wait between three and seven years to adopt an infant. This has contributed to a call for another reproductive option. Moreover, abortion and the use of contraceptives have led to a serious shortage in the number of adoptable babies. If we follow Elizabeth Anderson’s argument, then we leave many infertile couples without children. Commercial surrogacy is not a practice of baby selling as Anderson argues. It is a contract to bear a child but not to sell the child. The payment to a surrogate is just a fee for the services just similar to the fees paid to doctors and lawyers for their services. The banning of commercial surrogacy will be infringing on ones constitutional right to engage into a contract freely. The society is always at peace when the liberty of its members becomes maximized. Women and the entire society benefit from the freedom of choice that would be offered through surrogacy. Since people would not be forced into the contract, they engage willingly; no one should attempt to stop them. In a rights based culture, commercial surrogacy contract s would be supported since every woman has the right to procreate. She also has the right to demand compensation for expenses incurred during the gestation period. All parties benefit in a surrogacy arrangement that is successful. The intended parents go home with a cherished child while the surrogate mother gets monetary reward for her work (Richards 71). The money the surrogate mot

Modern Marriage, only a status symbol Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Modern Marriage, only a status symbol - Essay Example The Modern American wedding has become much more of commercial saga generating a massive turnover every year. Wedding planners, florists, caterers, hairstylists, clothes, designers, have all got their fortunes connected to the wedding industry. According to statistics 2 "the average American wedding costs $22,360 and has 168 guests, who give 100 gifts that cost an average of $85 each, meaning the net loss to the couple is $13,860..the average guest spends $500 to attend a wedding-not including plane tickets." The statistics do not end here though. The figures get more and more perturbing as it is revealed that "43% of couples say they spent more on their wedding than they had planned."3There is an increase in thematic weddings like Disney World "Fairy Tale Wedding" where for the price of $2,500 a bride can arrive in a glass coach pulled by four dappled gray ponies.4 All these figures and statistics really provoke a disturbing query in our minds which is whether the modern commercial marriage is now deinstitutionalized to the extent of a mere commercial saga The United States has seen deterioration in the institution of marriage during the past many decades (Cherlin 2004:848-861). There has been a transition of the essence of marriage from So is it possible to say that while the practical importance of marriage has hit an all time low, it has gained a symbolic significance Is it merely a mark of prestige and personal achievement Consider only some of the expenses the modern bride and groom go through for the ceremony of marriage. According to a commercial website 5,the Groom pays for the Bride's rings, Boutonnire for the groom and ushers ,groom's present to bridegroom's presents to ushers and best man, ties and gloves for the ushers ,clergy member's cost ,corsages for the immediate members of both families; also the bride's going away corsage ,bachelor dinner (optional, and usually given by best man or ushers) ,rehearsal dinner (optional, but is usual) ,accommodations for out-of-town ushers and the honeymoon. This list is not exhaustive though and the bride has to pay for a similar list of expenditure. What happens then, after such a grand wedding Every year the government issues alarming figures of divorce rate statistics, many homes are broken and the children are displaced. Academic opinion and research has spoken of the weakening of the social norms that regulate people's behaviour in this regard. This is another symbol of the deteriorating society where there is a sort of a "taken-for-granted" norm that allows people to go on with their lives with nobody questioning their behaviour (Cherlin2004:848-849, Whitehead 2001:6-16). The wedding as a status symbol Recent weddings have become little less than individual achievements. "In the distant past, a wedding was an event at which two kinship groups formed an alliance. More recently, it has been an event organized and paid for by parents, at which they display their approval and support for their child's marriage" (Cherlin 2004:848-849) So despite its destabilisation as an "institution", the American Wedding has become "an

A Comparative Narrative Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Comparative Narrative - Term Paper Example Both the countries have an open economy. Their relations have enhanced rapidly after the free trade agreement between them, which reduced their existing trade barriers (Berkelmans, Davis, McKibbin & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). On the other hand, trade relation between China and the US has been a topic of serious discussion in recent times. Due to sustained growth in economies of both the countries, there has been a considerable enhancement in import and export activities between them (Wang, 2010, pp. 165-210). This paper intends to analyze the present trade or business relations between the countries of China and Australia with the US. Furthermore, the paper would aim to present a comparative analysis with regard to the business relationship between Australia-US and China-US. Discussion Trade is an important aspect for economy of any country. In the modern day context, trade between countries has expanded rapidly primarily owing to the enhanced globalization. In this portion of the p aper, the trade relations of Australia and China with US would be exemplified. Trade Relations of Australia with the US The two nations i.e. Australia and the United stated share a healthy trade relationship. Both the countries share many cultural and traditional values among them. Trade is equally important to both the countries. Approximately 11% of the Australian exports are conducted with the United States. Moreover, the United States is the origin of one-fifth of the imports of Australia (Garnaut, 2002, pp. 123-141). The US is one of the major single investors in Australia. The main source of finance of Australian’s firms is from the US investors. The extent of merchandise and services trade between the two countries is quite positive. It was observed that in the year 1999, the total trade involving the two countries was valued at around US$23.3 billion. 90 % of trade deficit between the two countries is in terms of merchandise and the remaining 10% is of services (Berke lmans, Davis, McKibbin & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). Both the countries possess an open economy. To enhance their relation in terms of business, the two countries have undergone a free trade agreement (FTA) to minimize the existing trade barriers between them by a considerable extent. Both the countries have been recognized to be aware of the economic gains that would arise from the agreement. After the agreement both the countries have experienced an increase in welfare (i.e. distinguished by household consumption) and production (i.e. recognized by GDP) due to the reduced barriers. Australian welfare continued to rise from 0.3 percent to 0.5 percent. After the agreement, Australia enjoyed a US$2 billion annual increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) i.e. 0.33 percent increase. Similarly, the US also experienced an increase of US$2.1 billion annually in their GDP i.e. 0.02 percent increase. It can be seen from the GDP scenario that the Australian economy was more benefitted by the trade agreement than the US economy. Overall, there was an optimistic economic gain for both the Australian and the US economy from the trade agreement. The undertaking of the agreement would further increase the trade among the two nations in the future (Berkelmans, Davis, McKibbin, & Stoeckel, 2001, pp. 1-112). Nevertheless, there are certain barriers in relation to trade that prevail among the two nations. For the United States, the trade of dairy, sugar, shipping and commercial vehicles has certain barriers. The barriers to Australian sugar exports generate from high tariff which is almost equal to 80%. There are certain other barriers on trade of cotton, financial and metals services among others that exist for Australian

Critically discuss the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum Essay

Critically discuss the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum for young children's learning and development - Essay Example It is seen as a manifestation of immaturity and children are expected to outgrow it and move on to more â€Å"grown up† activities (Moyles, 1994). However, today the role of play is recognized by policy makers, researchers and education developers to be critical in the intellectual and emotional wellbeing of children (Kennedy and Barblett, 2010). Retrospectively, the educational community in Europe has increasingly taken cognizance of the need for quality pedagogy in early childhood education to prepare children for both academic pursuits as well as social integration (Christie & Roskos, 2006). This paper discusses the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum by examining the background of play in education, in the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS), the various forms of play and finally its developmental benefits with a view to justify its inclusion in education systems. To start with, the key terms are defined so as to provide the reader with a sense of contextual uniformity as this term represent the recurring themes in the entire. Pedagogy can be loosely described as a methodology or practical application of the teaching process. The curriculum on the other hand is a preset framework that outlines all what learners should be taught the quality and to some extent the methods that should be used, it however provides allowance for the teacher to act flexible based on the education setting or context. Pedagogy is seen as a formal and serious construct. As a means of understanding this to a more full and complete degree, the following discussion will partially focus upon understanding these dynamics by utilizing socio-cultural theory and interpretation. Historical and anthropological studies in to the nature of the European childhood have revealed that like today, the classical Greek and roman cultures valued play and

Major Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Major Assignment 1 - Essay Example Yes, â€Å"if you fail to tip the person getting you that coffee, you may be directing and even substantially affecting that persons income (Lewis),† but the state sets a minimum wage requirement that the employer must adhere by. If tips and wages do not meet the minimum wage requirement, then the employer must compensate the employee for the difference. Yes, â€Å"they know that if someone shoots up his school, he will become a celebrity (Ellis),† but they also know that jail time will be in their future. Usually a school shoot up has nothing to do with fame but is a psychological reaction to bulling inside or outside the school or home. Yes, â€Å"61 percent of the programs examined last year contained some violence (Ellis),† but television program does not put the firearm in the hands of the adolescent. Parents with firearms have the responsibility to keep them locked up tight and safe from children. Yes, â€Å"the violence depicted on television and movies escalates with each passing year, as audiences grow inured to â€Å"routine violence (Ellis),† but many people watch violence without committing violent acts. Parents should monitor children’s viewing habits and watch violent programming with the child to explain what is happing and that it is wrong to do what they see in real life. In The Case against Tipping by Michael Lewis, Lewis had a point when he said, â€Å"people who serve you are more likely to do it well and promptly if they will be rewarded.† I felt this concern had merit in that servers do expect the tip and know that if they perform great service then they will be tipped generously. Servers also provide mediocre service if the patron is not spending much money at the establishment because they know the tip is based on a percentage of about 15%. A patron spending $2 on coffee will only be required to pay a 30-cent tip and that is hardly worth any effort. The expected tip should not influence the amount of service the patron receives but

Critically discuss the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum Essay

Critically discuss the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum for young children's learning and development - Essay Example It is seen as a manifestation of immaturity and children are expected to outgrow it and move on to more â€Å"grown up† activities (Moyles, 1994). However, today the role of play is recognized by policy makers, researchers and education developers to be critical in the intellectual and emotional wellbeing of children (Kennedy and Barblett, 2010). Retrospectively, the educational community in Europe has increasingly taken cognizance of the need for quality pedagogy in early childhood education to prepare children for both academic pursuits as well as social integration (Christie & Roskos, 2006). This paper discusses the importance of play pedagogy in the curriculum by examining the background of play in education, in the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS), the various forms of play and finally its developmental benefits with a view to justify its inclusion in education systems. To start with, the key terms are defined so as to provide the reader with a sense of contextual uniformity as this term represent the recurring themes in the entire. Pedagogy can be loosely described as a methodology or practical application of the teaching process. The curriculum on the other hand is a preset framework that outlines all what learners should be taught the quality and to some extent the methods that should be used, it however provides allowance for the teacher to act flexible based on the education setting or context. Pedagogy is seen as a formal and serious construct. As a means of understanding this to a more full and complete degree, the following discussion will partially focus upon understanding these dynamics by utilizing socio-cultural theory and interpretation. Historical and anthropological studies in to the nature of the European childhood have revealed that like today, the classical Greek and roman cultures valued play and

Landing on the moon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Landing on the moon - Research Paper Example The attempt to reach the moon dates back to the mid-20th century. On 13th of September 1959, the Soviet Union made the first object that landed on the surface of the moon. Luna 2 was the name of the spacecraft and was sent without a human accompaniment because of the potential risk that was involved. Despite being the first spacecraft to reach the moon, it was the second to be launched in the direction of the moon after the unsuccessful Luna 1. Through Luna 2’s movement to the moon, various discoveries were made about the moon. It was established that there was no significant magnetic field on the surface of the moon. In addition, there was never found any evidence of the presence of radiation belts in the moon (NASA 1). The United States also made an effort to have a spacecraft to the moon. This led to the landing of Ranger 4 to the moon in 1962 opening up more opportunities for the expansion of the aviation industry. The reaching of man to the moon was another milestone in the exploration of the moon. On July 20th, 1969 Apollo 11, a spacecraft owned by the United States landed on the surface of the moon with its astronauts Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. This was the first manned spacecraft in the history of moon landings (NASA 1). However, afterwards, there have been other manned as well as unmanned spacecraft that have found their way into the surface of the moon. Between the first manned landings in 1969 to 1972, up to twelve astronauts reached the surface of the moon. Landing to the moon is not a simple affair; it is characterized by a sophisticated technology. A rocket is the equipment that was developed to break the gravity of the earth hence getting to the surface of the moon where there is no gravity. A rocket is propelled to the space where it continues to increase in speed even in vacuum. This

Alcoholic Beverage Essay Example for Free

Alcoholic Beverage Essay An alcoholic beverage is a drink containing chemicals from the alcohol family. Mostly ethyl alcohol (ethanol, EtOH), other alcohols are usually present only in small quantities, notably consumable t-Amyl alcohol (t-Amylol, t-AmOH) which is about 20X more potent than ethanol, and hazardous methanol with much weaker sedative effect than ethanol, thus are not prohibited by law or regulated by taxation in most if not all countries. However, alcoholic beverages are divided into three general classes for taxation and regulation of production: beers, wines, and spirits (or distilled beverage). They are legally consumed in most countries, and over 100 countries have laws regulating their production, sale, and consumption.[2] In particular, such laws specify the minimum age at which a person may legally buy or drink them. This minimum age varies between 16 and 25 years, depending upon the country and the type of drink. Most nations set it at 18 years of age.[2] In the human body, ethanol affects the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors and produces a depressant (neurochemical inhibitory) effect. Ethanol is similar to other sedative-hypnotics such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines both in its effect on the GABAA receptor, although its pharmacological profile is not identical. It has anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and sedative actions similar to many other sedative-hypnotic drugs. Ethanol is also cross-tolerant with benzodiazepines and barbiturates.[3] In fact, a synthetic alcohol based on benzodiazepines is currently developed by a team at Imperial College London, led by Professor David Nutt (chair of ISCD). The alcohol substitute give the drinker the effects of drunkenness without many of the risks of alcohol;[4] Accordingly to ISCD alcohol was the most harmful of all drugs considered, scoring 72%. Alcohol is the most available and widely abused substance and its chronic consumption causes neurobehavioral disorders.[5] A high-functioning alcoholic (HFA) is a form of alcoholism where the alcoholic is able to maintain their outside life such as jobs, academics, relationships, etc. – all while drinking alcoholically.[6] Under the DSMs new definition of Alcoholism about 37 percent of college students may meet the criteria. Doctors are hoping that this new definition of the term will help catch severe cases of alcoholism early, instead of when the problem is full-blown.[7] Alcoholism is a neurodegenerative disease which may lead to physical dependency that can be fatal in alcohol withdrawal syndrome due to its propensity to induce withdrawal convulsions. The production and consumption of alcohol occurs in most cultures of the world, from hunter-gatherer peoples to nation-states.[8][9] Alcoholic beverages are often an important part of social events in these cultures.

Social Networking Is Affecting Our Reputation

Social Networking Is Affecting Our Reputation Social Media plays a big role in our everyday lives. Although social media is an easier way to socialize with other people in which you can connect with distant relatives or friends who dont often see, many have become so obsessed with checking up on their Facebook, MySpace, Twitter and etc. constantly. Social media has become a huge distraction in our daily lives. Social media is made to let people express themselves but many people use it as a way to be someone they are not or even to hurt others. Social media is harmful to our society in which allows for others to access your information. Many have become so addicted to social media that they dont have time to be physically active in which causes them to become unhealthy. Kids are spending so much time on social media and less time on studying. Overall, social media is hurting our country causing more bullying, depression, laziness and more are becoming unhealthy. Social networking is affecting our reputation. People dont realize that there isnt any privacy on social networking websites. Many arent aware what they post is out to the public, even though you deleted it, it can be retrieved. Nowadays jobs and colleges check to see if you have social media, inappropriate photos or comments can hurt your self image. The internet today is making everything easier to be viewed. Social media today lets individuals put out anything and even everything about a person. The rights to ones privacy are abused and are not persuaded to withhold ones personal information. In the article Is Your Online Activity Hurting Your Chances of Getting Into College? by Linsey Davis, basically shows us that before colleges accept you by your overall average or SAT score they will also be willing to look to see if you have any social media. Rachel is beginning to apply to college and her first choice is Bentley University, she began to worry after a college tour guide warn ed her about social media. It states He basically warned us that the admissions counselors will also look at our Facebook and any social media that we have to try and get a better picture of what kind of person we really are, Rachel said. Before colleges or even a job accepting you the first thing they will do is to see if you have any social media so they can see what type of person you really are. In the article Skarlis states He took a look all the way back to when Rachel was in middle school and first started using social media.. which basically means college admissions will be looking not only what have you been doing recently on social media but also the past back when you have first register on social media websites. Even though you have everything the college requires one little thing like having social media can affect you from getting in. In the article Privacy Invasion: Social media monitoring required to attend college or to be hired? by Ms. Smith shows us that social me dia is affecting the person chances in getting in colleges or even getting hired for a job. It states According to a Microsoft survey about the negative effects of unwise social media posts, 14% of people surveyed lost out on the college they wanted, 16% lost out on getting a job and 21% were fired from a job. Some employers and colleges may insist you friend them on social media or worse they may insist on your password to Twitter, to Facebook, Google and other social media sites so they can see what you post, your photos, what you say in DMs, and what you chat about. If you post negative comment, or photos on social media it can affect your chances into what college you want to go to, can get you fired from your job and can also hold you from being hired. This shows us that colleges and even jobs are being stricter on social media, even asking for their password to invade their privacy, what you post, and your photos that you upload and even to see what you and your friends talk a bout. Whatever you put on the Internet will follow you around forever. Social networks are giving bullies an opportunity to attack individuals online by invading their privacy. Social media makes it easier to continue bullying somebody that is being bullied on at school. By posting bad thing about the person and uploading pictures of the person. Social network creates an open access towards exposing individuals personal information. Suicide is an effect that can be the result of any form of bullying. Students come home from school expecting to find a safe place away from all the threats and dangers around them. However, victims of cyber bullying have no escape. They go home and turn on their computers or laptops and are immediately greeted with the harsh reality. Cyber bullies target their victims through electronic media such as cell-phones, websites, web-cams, chat rooms, and email. A victim is no longer able to escape from their bullies by simply leaving their presence and seeking safety and quietness in their own homes. In the article Bullied to dea th: Amanda Todd didnt do anything online that most others of her generation havent done was about a fifteen year old teenager, Amada Todd who killed herself after being bullied. It states Amanda Todd made a mistake by exposing her breast on the Internet, the stranger who pressured Todd to expose herself online and who circulated a topless photo of her wasnt a fellow teen from her high school but a 32 year old man living in Vancouver. Amanda was pressured to do something she probably didnt want to, she exposed herself to a stranger who she didnt know. In the article Cyber-bullying, social media blamed after Florida teen commits suicide Jessica Laney, 16, hung herself on Sunday after being bullied on the website Ask.fm. Her friends say cyber-bullying on the website Ask.fm is what pushed the troubled teen over the edge. Posts on Laneys page range from the innocent What class do you like the most? to the shockingly cruel Why are you so ugly? and Just kill yourself. Youre worthless. Peop le are using social media to bully others like Jessica Laney by letting her believe that she is worthless, ugly and she should go kill herself. Another story was a girl whose name is Hope Witsell. She was a 13-year-old who grew up in Florida. She forwarded a nude photo of herself to a boy she liked. Another girl borrowed the boys phone, found the image and forwarded it to other students. And so, the image found its way to a lot of other students in her school and in other schools. This then has resulted in teasing and bullying from her peers at Beth Shields Middle School, with insults such as whore and slut. When she returned to school, a counselor observed cuts on Hopes legs and had her sign a no-harm contract, in which Hope agreed to tell an adult if she felt inclined to hurt herself. The next day, Hope hanged herself in her bedroom. Many are being cyber bullied; children arent able to handle the situation, leading them to commit suicide. Some may disagree by saying that social media allows people to stay connected to family and friends, and have also been a great way for people to socialize and meet individuals. These sites are very useful, since students have the opportunity to interact with others by planning and working on school assignments. Many teachers are using social media sites to stay connected with their student once they have graduated and also to update their students on assignments, tests, grades and etc. A website elementary teachers use to interact with their student and coworkers is called Edmodo which allows students and teachers to create profiles, blogs, and gives students a place to go outside of class to contact teachers, keep current on assignments, projects, and quizzes. Social networking sites give people the chance of reconnecting with friends and family members that have not been in touch with for a long period of time, allowing them to strengthen and build good relationships. Also, social networking sites, offer free messaging, photo storage, and games among others. Social media makes it easy to connect with others. It is very helpful in long distance relationship, for example Facebook. The sites have certainly made it more convenient to get in touch with people with whom we have lost contact with. Several studies show that social networking sites have helped business, especially small businesses. They can be helpful in networking for employment purposes. In the article Benefits of using Social media for Business by Harsh Agrawal states Social media allows you to get personal with your customers and form a bond of trust with them. Replying to the concerns of your customers and by asking for their opinions, you can make your customers satisfied with what you have to offer and in this way you get more traffic, which promotes your business. The social media tools are free for use for everyone, and that is why by just working on your social media tools for a few minutes a day, you can get a lot of benefit from it and increase your sales and have better relations with your customers. Overall social media is helping businesses because social networking sites have the potential for advertising, marketing to targeted and segmented customers, and being able to reach out to users with big social networks for further business. Even though there are certain social benefits to these sites, by saying many need them to keep in touch with friends. However, the benefits do not outweigh the problems they cause. Social networking causes children and adults to be lazy and overweight, less productive at school and work. The first reason that social networking is bad for society is that it makes people lazy and overweight. Back in the days when people were bored, they would go outside to do something entertaining as in play in park, ride a bike, go jogging or hit the gym and exercise. Nowadays those who are bored go on their phones, go through others profile on Facebook or even write a status on Facebook stating Like my status for a rate, to be honest, truth is and etc. since they are bored. Many people just go on their phones and tweet about how bored they are or scroll through a friends new pictures and click the like button a few times. Doing these types of things dont help you in any way. In todays society obesit y rates are very high. In the article Causes of Childhood Obesity by Jeff Barnes states that Obesity in America is becoming a huge problem, especially in children. Statistics show that almost 60% of children in America are obese or overweight, and the number is still growing. Kids are become less active, instead of playing basketball, football or any other sports in the park, nowadays they prefer watching television or playing sports on video games, which causes to become unhealthy. Being able to shop online, socialize online, and play online interactive games without moving a muscle has created inactive lifestyles. Video games allow you to play your favorite sports without actually playing them physically. With more social networking sites being created, children are using them more. Once children get home one of the first things they do is log into their social media sites and begins to chat or text with friends. This is affecting their school work, because they arent spending eno ugh time doing homework or studying. Teens are become so addicted which causes them take up to 8 hours a day on social media. They are spending too much time on social media because they are chatting with their friends and searching for unnecessary people which prevent them from studying. This is lowering their grades. Students are spending time at night online and not sleeping enough. Without the sleep required by their body, they have a harder time paying attention in class or do not complete work. Another reason why social media is hurting our society is because a majority of employers search the Internet for information before hiring them. Inappropriate photos comments and what you like is hurting your reputation. When you delete information from Facebook, it does not disappear. Also social media decreases in face-to-face communication. In the article Social networking hurts the communication skills of college students by Megan Puglisi it states Students have become reticent and intimidated in the classroom to speak directly with me. Rather, they feel more comfortable sending me an e-mail from behind a computer screen, which is impersonal and does not contain context at all, Crowley said. Kids are becoming more comfortable sending emails to teachers if they have any questions regarding assignments or grades, rather than speaking face to face. In the article it states Students prefer to participate in brief e-mail exchanges when they should be pursuing real relationships. Avoiding personal interactions harms the competency of young professionals (Its difficult for students) to speak to respected professionals during interviews because they lack the necessary nonverbal behaviors, like eye contact. Feeling comfortable behind computer screen isnt good for you because you will have trouble communicating to others face to face, it will be hard for you to speak to others if youre constantly typing and not speaking verbally. People rather text someone or meet them online rather than communicate in person. We are losing the ability to communicate face to face. For these reasons, social networking is bad for society. Overall, social media is hurting our country in various ways causing more cyber bullying, lack of face to face communication, obesity, lack of privacy and etc. Although social media is an easier way to communicate with long distant friends or family members many have become addicted causing them to go on their profiles daily for maybe 8 hours and more. People are feeling more comfortable chatting behind the screen rather than talking to a person face to face which isnt good when comes to interviews. People arent aware that what they post online can no longer be removed and will stay with you forever. Colleges and jobs are looking at your social media websites to get a better view of who you really are, this may stop you from getting the college you want to. Think twice before uploading a photo, writing a post or liking something on social media because you never know who will be the one to view your profile. Cited Page Bullied to death: Amanda Todd didnt do anything online that most others of her generation havent done. Thats whats so disturbing. http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/magazinesDetailspage 29 October 2012, Web 14.Feb 2013 Agrawal, Harsh. Benefits of Using Social Media for Business. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Davis Linsey, Sarah Netter and Alexander Ludka How to Use Social Media to Get Into College. ABC News. ABC News Network, 19 Oct. 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Kaye, Randi. How a Cell Phone Picture Led to Girls Suicide. CNN. Cable News Network, 07 Oct. 2010. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Ms. Smith. Privacy Invasion: Social Media Monitoring Required to Attend College or to Be Hired? Network World. 07 Mar. 2012, Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Murray, Rheana. Cyber-bullying, Social Media Blamed after Florida Teen Commits Suicide. NY Daily News. 12 Dec. 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2013. Puglisi, Megan. Social Networking Hurts the Communication Skills of College Students. 13 Oct. 2010. Web. 14 Feb. 2013.